See -kʷe on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"sense": "not",
"word": "s'"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Albanian",
"lang_code": "sqj-pro",
"word": "*tśe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hittite",
"lang_code": "hit",
"roman": "-ku",
"word": "-𒆪"
},
{
"lang": "Luwian",
"lang_code": "xlu",
"roman": "ku",
"word": "𒆪"
},
{
"lang": "Palaic",
"lang_code": "plq",
"roman": "ku",
"word": "𒆪"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Anatolian",
"lang_code": "ine-ana-pro",
"word": "*-ku"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"roman": "-ekʻ",
"word": "-եք"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Armenian",
"lang_code": "hyx-pro"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"word": "*-kʷe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"roman": "-uh",
"word": "-𐌿𐌷"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"word": "*-hw"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"roman": "te",
"word": "τε"
},
{
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
"lang_code": "gmy",
"roman": "qe",
"word": "𐀤"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Hellenic",
"lang_code": "grk-pro",
"word": "*-kʷe"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*-ča"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Vedic Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa-ved",
"roman": "-śca",
"word": "-श्च"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"word": "*-kʷe"
},
{
"lang": "Phrygian",
"lang_code": "xpg",
"roman": "ke",
"word": "κε"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"sense": "yet, still",
"word": "*(j)eš-če"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*es-ke"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*sekʷ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sekʷ-"
],
[
"*kʷís ~ *kʷós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷís"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"id": "and"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Dunkel suggests *-skʷe is the older form, coming from (an old injunctive of) *sekʷ- (“to follow”). Szeremenyi derives *-kʷe from an instrumental *kʷe-h₁ of *kʷís ~ *kʷós. Dunkel gives this *kʷeh₁, in the sense of \"somehow\", as the origin for the distributive meaning.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-kʷe",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-skʷe",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "conjunction",
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},
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"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kʷe",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: *-we (“or”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"and"
],
"id": "en--kʷe-ine-pro-conj-YgERG4Og",
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
],
"word": "-kʷe"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Epic Greek",
"lang_code": "grc-epc",
"roman": "te",
"word": "τε"
},
{
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
"lang_code": "gmy",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"roman": "qe",
"word": "𐀤"
}
],
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"word": "*-kʷe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "-ever",
"word": "-que"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"word": "*-kʷe"
}
],
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[
"*sekʷ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sekʷ-"
],
[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷís"
]
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"id": "and"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Dunkel suggests *-skʷe is the older form, coming from (an old injunctive of) *sekʷ- (“to follow”). Szeremenyi derives *-kʷe from an instrumental *kʷe-h₁ of *kʷís ~ *kʷós. Dunkel gives this *kʷeh₁, in the sense of \"somehow\", as the origin for the distributive meaning.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "particle"
},
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}
],
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"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kʷe",
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"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 56 22 0 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 38 32 0 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 44 29 0 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 62 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European enclitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 78 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"generalizing particle"
],
"id": "en--kʷe-ine-pro-particle-YdavWVTX",
"links": [
[
"generalizing",
"generalize#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 38 32 0 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms distributives from interrogatives"
],
"id": "en--kʷe-ine-pro-particle-yA77xOJ2",
"links": [
[
"distributive",
"distributive#English"
],
[
"interrogative",
"interrogative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
],
"word": "-kʷe"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Faliscan",
"lang_code": "xfa",
"roman": "-cue",
"word": "-𐌂𐌖𐌄"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "-que"
}
],
"lang": "Old Latin",
"lang_code": "itc-ola",
"word": "-𐌒𐌖𐌄"
},
{
"lang": "Oscan",
"lang_code": "osc",
"roman": "-p",
"word": "-𐌐"
},
{
"lang": "Oscan",
"lang_code": "osc",
"roman": "-pe",
"word": "-𐌐𐌄"
},
{
"lang": "Umbrian",
"lang_code": "xum",
"roman": "-p",
"word": "-𐌐"
},
{
"lang": "Venetic",
"lang_code": "xve",
"roman": "-kve",
"word": "-𐌊𐌅𐌄"
}
],
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[
"*-kʷe",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kʷe"
]
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": ":inh",
"3": "ine-pro:*-kʷe"
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"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-kʷe\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" }\" data-lang=\"itc-pro\" data-title=\"*-kʷe\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe.",
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{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-kʷe",
"name": "head"
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],
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"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-kʷe",
"pos": "suffix",
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{
"glosses": [
"and"
],
"id": "en--kʷe-itc-pro-suffix-YgERG4Og",
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[
"and",
"and"
]
],
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{
"word": "*et"
}
],
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"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 38 32 0 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Italic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms distributives from interrogatives."
],
"id": "en--kʷe-itc-pro-suffix-2u7EXfPL",
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[
"distributive",
"distributive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-kʷe"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"word": "-ch-"
},
{
"lang": "Celtiberian",
"lang_code": "xce",
"word": "-kue"
},
{
"lang": "Lepontic",
"lang_code": "xlp",
"roman": "pe",
"word": "𐌐𐌄"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-kʷe",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kʷe"
],
[
"-que",
"-que#Latin"
],
[
"τε",
"τε#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-kʷe",
"t": "and"
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"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe (“and”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-que"
},
"expansion": "Latin -que",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τε"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τε (te)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe (“and”). Cognate with Latin -que and Ancient Greek τε (te).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "conjunction",
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],
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"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/-kʷe",
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{
"categories": [
{
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{
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"source": "w"
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],
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[
"and",
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],
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}
],
"word": "-kʷe"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Mariupol Greek",
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"word": "ти"
}
],
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"roman": "te",
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],
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"raw_tags": [
"apocopic before a rough breathing"
],
"roman": "th’",
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},
{
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{
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],
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"raw_tags": [
"apocopic before a smooth breathing"
],
"roman": "t’",
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},
{
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
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"roman": "qe",
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}
],
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[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kʷe"
]
],
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{
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}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe.",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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}
],
"glosses": [
"and"
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[
"and",
"and"
]
],
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"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-kʷe"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
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},
{
"lang": "Celtiberian",
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},
{
"lang": "Lepontic",
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"roman": "pe",
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}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-kʷe",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kʷe"
],
[
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"-que#Latin"
],
[
"τε",
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]
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-kʷe",
"t": "and"
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"name": "inh"
},
{
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"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τε"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τε (te)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe (“and”). Cognate with Latin -que and Ancient Greek τε (te).",
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{
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],
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[
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],
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}
],
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{
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],
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{
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"roman": "ti",
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}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
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"raw_tags": [
"apocopic before a rough breathing"
],
"roman": "th’",
"word": "θ’"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "grk-mar",
"roman": "ti",
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],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"raw_tags": [
"apocopic before a smooth breathing"
],
"roman": "t’",
"word": "τ’"
},
{
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
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"roman": "qe",
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],
"etymology_links": [
[
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]
],
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{
"args": {
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"3": "*-kʷe"
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"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe.",
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "*-kʷe",
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],
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{
"categories": [
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"Proto-Hellenic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
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"glosses": [
"and"
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[
"and",
"and"
]
],
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}
],
"word": "-kʷe"
}
{
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"Pages with entries",
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"Proto-Indo-European conjunctions",
"Proto-Indo-European enclitics",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with etymon",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European particles"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"sense": "not",
"word": "s'"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Albanian",
"lang_code": "sqj-pro",
"word": "*tśe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hittite",
"lang_code": "hit",
"roman": "-ku",
"word": "-𒆪"
},
{
"lang": "Luwian",
"lang_code": "xlu",
"roman": "ku",
"word": "𒆪"
},
{
"lang": "Palaic",
"lang_code": "plq",
"roman": "ku",
"word": "𒆪"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Anatolian",
"lang_code": "ine-ana-pro",
"word": "*-ku"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"roman": "-ekʻ",
"word": "-եք"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Armenian",
"lang_code": "hyx-pro"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"word": "*-kʷe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"roman": "-uh",
"word": "-𐌿𐌷"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"word": "*-hw"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"roman": "te",
"word": "τε"
},
{
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
"lang_code": "gmy",
"roman": "qe",
"word": "𐀤"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Hellenic",
"lang_code": "grk-pro",
"word": "*-kʷe"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*-ča"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Vedic Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa-ved",
"roman": "-śca",
"word": "-श्च"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"word": "*-kʷe"
},
{
"lang": "Phrygian",
"lang_code": "xpg",
"roman": "ke",
"word": "κε"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"sense": "yet, still",
"word": "*(j)eš-če"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "*es-ke"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*sekʷ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sekʷ-"
],
[
"*kʷís ~ *kʷós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷís"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"id": "and"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Dunkel suggests *-skʷe is the older form, coming from (an old injunctive of) *sekʷ- (“to follow”). Szeremenyi derives *-kʷe from an instrumental *kʷe-h₁ of *kʷís ~ *kʷós. Dunkel gives this *kʷeh₁, in the sense of \"somehow\", as the origin for the distributive meaning.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-kʷe",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-skʷe",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "enclitics",
"head2": "*-skʷe"
},
"expansion": "*-kʷe or *-skʷe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kʷe",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: *-we (“or”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"and"
],
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
],
"word": "-kʷe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Proto-Indo-European conjunctions",
"Proto-Indo-European enclitics",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with etymon",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European particles"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Epic Greek",
"lang_code": "grc-epc",
"roman": "te",
"word": "τε"
},
{
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
"lang_code": "gmy",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"roman": "qe",
"word": "𐀤"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Hellenic",
"lang_code": "grk-pro",
"word": "*-kʷe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "-ever",
"word": "-que"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"word": "*-kʷe"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*sekʷ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sekʷ-"
],
[
"*kʷís ~ *kʷós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷís"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"id": "and"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Dunkel suggests *-skʷe is the older form, coming from (an old injunctive of) *sekʷ- (“to follow”). Szeremenyi derives *-kʷe from an instrumental *kʷe-h₁ of *kʷís ~ *kʷós. Dunkel gives this *kʷeh₁, in the sense of \"somehow\", as the origin for the distributive meaning.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "*-kʷe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kʷe",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"generalizing particle"
],
"links": [
[
"generalizing",
"generalize#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"forms distributives from interrogatives"
],
"links": [
[
"distributive",
"distributive#English"
],
[
"interrogative",
"interrogative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
],
"word": "-kʷe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Proto-Italic entries with etymon",
"Proto-Italic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Italic lemmas",
"Proto-Italic suffixes",
"Proto-Italic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Italic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Faliscan",
"lang_code": "xfa",
"roman": "-cue",
"word": "-𐌂𐌖𐌄"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "-que"
}
],
"lang": "Old Latin",
"lang_code": "itc-ola",
"word": "-𐌒𐌖𐌄"
},
{
"lang": "Oscan",
"lang_code": "osc",
"roman": "-p",
"word": "-𐌐"
},
{
"lang": "Oscan",
"lang_code": "osc",
"roman": "-pe",
"word": "-𐌐𐌄"
},
{
"lang": "Umbrian",
"lang_code": "xum",
"roman": "-p",
"word": "-𐌐"
},
{
"lang": "Venetic",
"lang_code": "xve",
"roman": "-kve",
"word": "-𐌊𐌅𐌄"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-kʷe",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kʷe"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ine-pro:*-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-kʷe\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" }\" data-lang=\"itc-pro\" data-title=\"*-kʷe\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-kʷe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-kʷe",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"and"
],
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*et"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Forms distributives from interrogatives."
],
"links": [
[
"distributive",
"distributive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-kʷe"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -kʷe meaning in All languages combined (10.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.